Suara Deiniatur

According to Prof. Hassani, there are 10 great contributions of the Moslem toward the modern civilization: 1.       Surgery Around the year 1,000, the celebrated doctor Al Zahrawi published a 1,500 page illustrated encyclopedia of surgery that was used in Europe as a medical reference for the next 500 years. Among his many inventions, Zahrawi discovered the use of dissolving cat gut to stitch wounds. Beforehand a second surgery had to be performed the first caesarean operation and created the first pair of forceps. 2.       Coffee Now the western world’s drink du jour, coffee was first brewed in Yemen around the 9 th century. In its earliest days, coffee helped sufis stay up during late nights of devotion. Later brought to Cairo by a group of students, the coffee buzz soon caught on around the empire. By the 13 th century it reached Turkey, but not until the 16 th century did the beans start boiling in Europe, brought to Italy by a Venetian trader. 3.       Flying mac

Theories 1.       According to Kridalaksana (1993:127), vocabulary is a component of a language that maintains all of   information about meaning and using word in a language. 2.       According to Webster’s Ninth collegiate dictionary (1978), vocabulary is: a.        A list or collection of words and phrase usually alphabetically arranged and explained or defined. b.       A sum or stock of words employed by a language group individual or a work or in a field of knowledge. c.        A list or collection of terms or codes available for use. 3.       According to Haley (2006:3) word is a combination of vocal sounds or one such sound, used in language to express an idea (to denote a thing, attribute,or relation), and constitutingan ultimate minimal element of speech having a meaning as such; a vocable. 4.       Vocabulary is one of five core components of reading instruction which includes phonemic awareness, phonics, word study, fluency and comprehension (National Rea

The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes that occurred in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840, according to various historians. This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, improved efficiency of water power, the increasing use of steam power and development of machine tools. The transition also included the change from wood and other bio-fuels to coal. Some of these innovations were mechanical while others were based on applications of science and experimentation. The Industrial revolution began in Britain and within a few decades spread to Western Europe and the United States. In the years before the beginning of the 18 th century most of the goods were produced with the help of manual labour. In the beginning of the 18 th century inventions revolutionised the manufacturing processes and gave the factory owners the capability to pro